SCOBY 是「Symbiotic Culture Of Bacteria and Yeast（細菌和酵母的共生菌叢」的常用縮寫（也有一說 Symbiotic Colony Of Bacteria and Yeast），它是在乳酸菌（lactic acid bacteria, LAB）、醋酸菌（acetic acid bacteria, AAB）和酵母完成獨特的發酵過程後形成的一些酸味食品和飲料，如：康普茶和泡菜。啤酒和葡萄酒也要經過酵母的發酵，但 SCOBY 特有的乳酸菌和醋酸菌成分通常被視為腐敗的來源，而不是理想的添加物。
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Most Americans have long believed that all bacteria is bad bacteria. The more sterile we can make our homes and our bodies the better.
It’s only within the past decade, as scientists learned about the human microbiome—the term for the universe of 100 trillion or so microorganisms that live in, and on, each of us—that an increasing number of people have realized this is a simplistic view. Those bacteria, for the most part, aren’t bad at all. In fact, they play a massive role in maintaining good health.
It turns out that plants have microbiomes too, and the bacteria there have often been treated the way human bacteria are treated. If Cambridge, Mass.-based startup Indigo has its way, those bacteria will get the respect they deserve—and they could possibly change the face of agriculture. The approach has “huge potential,” says Martin Grube, a professor of plant sciences who studies the microbiome at the University of Graz in Austria.
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